16 To each the boulders that have fallen to each. Through this poem, he has tried to explore the way people isolate themselves physically and emotionally by building barriers like fences to derive a sense of safety. Literary Devices • The title, „Mending Wall‟ itself is an Irony as well as a Pun -Irony: the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite • Situational Irony, perhaps • A pun: words with different possible meanings or the fact that there are words which sound alike but have different meanings The conclusion represents a triumph of civilization over primalism. The phrase “old-stone savage” is likely a reference to the “Stone Age,” an era of early human history defined by the Danish archaeologist Christian J. Thomsen. This meaning applies to the poem in that the wall exists in a social context. On another level, the nature of the chore necessarily separates them. Yet he tempers this statement with the word “exactly” because elves bear some relevance. The poem ends with a repetition of the proverb. As mythological figures, elves represent those sides of human nature that “[don’t] love a wall”: the taste for mischief, the connection with the natural world, the desire for a primitive existence.Here the poem’s opening line is repeated. 12 I let my neighbour know beyond the hill; 13 And on a day we meet to walk the line. The word “there” points to an external cause. The narrator embodies Hermes in his deep desire to dissolve the wall, the subject of his subsequent lines of dialogue.“Good fences make good neighbours” is an English proverb which dates back to the 17th century.
This meaning applies to the poem in that the wall exists in a social context. The rabbit-poaching in these lines shows how even the actions of men can run counter to the ordering forces of civilization.To illustrate the scale of the holes in the wall, Frost gives the reader the image of two people “pass[ing] abreast” through the wall.
The word offence comes from the Latin “offendo,” which means “to strike against.” This definition evokes the materiality of the wall, as well as the image of its destruction. As the narrator notes, “it’s not elves,” for elves are supernatural. Finally, “offence” is a pun, as it contains the word “fence.” Taking into account the Latin prefix “ob,” “offence” then means “against fence,” which sums up the narrator’s intellectual position. The purpose of walls between farms is to prevent livestock from crossing over. The image places the neighbor in the context of a more primal state of existence. At first, the narrator suspects there is a force of nature seeking to destroy the wall. Hermes was the god of boundaries and boundary-crossing, the central theme of Frost’s poem. The word offence comes from the Latin “offendo,” which means “to strike against.” This definition evokes the materiality of the wall, as well as the image of its destruction. It is the savage side of human nature that civilization asks us to wall off within ourselves.The narrator alludes to “elves” as the possible identity of the “something” that wishes to destroy the wall. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience. But when the phrase is repeated later on, it becomes the narrator who challenges the wall’s existence. By this point in the poem, however, it is clear that the “something” is not out “there” but rather within the human soul.The word “offence” operates on three levels here. According to Jung’s account, each person represses a number of natural impulses and behaviours in order to exist within a family and a society. The stifled sides of human nature form one’s shadow. 18 We have to use a spell to make them balance:
For each person, the confinement of the darker, more primitive sides of the self is an ongoing internal struggle.Frost uses prepositional language to convey the neighbor’s relationship to the wall. Finally, “offence” is a pun, as it contains the word “fence.” Taking into account the Latin prefix “ob,” “offence” then means “against fence,” which sums up the narrator’s intellectual position.This question of what is being “wall[ed] in or wall[ed] out” is the central problem and theme of Frost’s poem. Between the two instances of the proverb, the moral stakes of the poem’s situation have become clear. As the narrator notes, “he is all pine and I am apple orchard.” It becomes increasingly clear that the wall serves a social, rather than physical, purpose.The image of the stacked stones as loaves of bread reinforces the theme of the wall as a civilizing force. To act against the saying and deny the importance of “good fences” would be to cross over to the other side of the wall of tradition and civility.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung devised the concept of the human “shadow,” which refers to all the aspects of human nature of which an individual is unconscious. The neighbor speaks twice in the poem, twice offering the same proverb.
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